Lithocholate (bile acid), urobilin (bilirubin metabolite), n-acetylglutamate (ammonia cycle and arginine biosynthesis) and caproic acid (active metabolite) were enriched in all the groups apart from T3, and both citrulline (arginine precursor) and phenylacetate (amino acid metabolism) were enriched in all the groups apart from T2
The one or more hepatocyte growth factor mimics has or have a general structural formula 1 2 3 wherein R] is one of an N-acyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, a norleucine group, and an amino acid selected from tyrosine, phenylalanine, aspartic acid, arginine, isoleucine, serine, histidine, glycine, cysteine, methionine, tryptophan, lysine norvaline, ornithine, and s-benzyl cysteine
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TCM, including both single herbs and compound formulations, shows promise in modulating gut microbiota composition and function, regulating microbial metabolite production, limiting intestinal iron absorption, and targeting key ferroptosis pathways
